+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Bibliographic references on Classifier Combination related topics | | | | Compiled by Nina S. T. Hirata | | | | Initiated in 2005 as a part of the project "Combinação de Classificadores" | | sponsored by FAPESP, grant 2004/11586-7 (July 01/2005 to June 30/2007) | | | | Last update: July 30, 2007 | +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ @string{pami = "IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"} @string{pr = "Pattern Recognition" } @string{prl = "Pattern Recognition Letters" } @Article{Aksela:2003, author = {M. Aksela and R. Girdziusas and J. Laaksonen and E. Oja and J. Kangas}, title = {Methods for adaptive combination of classifiers with application to recognition of handwritten characters}, journal = {International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition}, year = {2003}, volume = {6}, pages = {23-41} } @InProceedings{AlKofahi:2001, author = "K. Al-Kofahi and A. Tyrrell and A. Vachher and T. Travers and P. Jackson", title = "Combining Multiple Classifiers for Text Categorization", booktitle = "Proceedings of CIKM-01, 10th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management", publisher = "ACM Press, New York, US", editor = "Henrique Paques and Ling Liu and David Grossman", year = "2001", address = "Atlanta, US", pages = "97--104" } @Article{Alani:1993, author = {A. Al-Ani and M. Deriche}, title = {A New Technique for Combining Multiple Classifiers using The Dempster-Shafer Theory of Evidence}, journal = {Artificial Intelligence Research}, year = {1993}, volume = {17} } @Article{Allwein:2000, author = {E. L. Allwein and R. E. Schapire and Y. Singer}, title = {Reducing Multiclass to Binary: A Unifying Approach for Margin Classifiers}, journal = {Journal of Machine Learning Research}, year = {2000}, volume = {1}, pages = {113-141} } @Article{Alpaydin:1998, author = {E. Alpaydin and C. Kaynak}, title = {{Cascading Classifiers}}, journal = {Kybernetika}, year = {1998}, volume = {34}, number = {4}, pages = {369-374} } @InProceedings{Alpaydin:1998b, author = {E. Alpaydin}, title = {{Techniques for Combining Multiple Learners}}, booktitle = {Engineering of Intelligent Systems EIS'98}, pages = {6-12}, year = {1998}, volume = {2}, address = {Teneriffe, Spain}, month = {February} } @InProceedings{Alpaydin:2000, author = {E. Alpaydin and C. Kaynak and F. Alimoglu}, title = {Cascading Multiple Classifiers and Representations for Optical and Pen-Based Handwritten Digit Recognition}, booktitle = {Proceedings of 7th IWFHR}, pages = {453-462}, year = {2000} } @Article{Amit:2004, author = {Y. Amit and D. Geman and X. Fan}, title = {A Coarse-to-Fine Strategy for Multiclass Shape Detection}, journal = pami, year = {2004}, volume = {26}, number = {12}, pages = {1606-1621} } @book{AnthBiggs:1992, author = "M. Anthony and N. Biggs", title = "Computational Learning Theory - An Introduction", publisher = "Cambridge University Press", year = "1992" } @InCollection{Antho:1993, author = {Martin Anthony and Norman Biggs}, title = {Computational learning theory for artificial neural networks}, booktitle = {Mathematical Approaches to Neural Networks}, pages = {25--63}, publisher = {North-Holland}, year = {1993}, editor = {J.G. Taylor} } @Article{Antho:1993a, author = {Martin Anthony and John Shawe-Taylor}, title = {A result of Vapnik with applications}, journal = {Discrete Applied Mathematics}, year = {1993}, volume = {47}, pages = {207--217} } @Article{Arti:2002, author = {T. Arti{\`{e}}res and N. Gauthier and P. Gallinari and B. Dorizzi}, title = {A Hidden Markov Models combination framework for handwriting recognition}, journal = {International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition}, year = {2002}, volume = {5}, pages = {233-243} } @InProceedings{Atlas:1990, author = {L. Atlas and R. Cole and Y. Muthusamy and A. Lippman and J. Connor and D. Park and M. El-Sharkawi and R. J. Marks II}, title = {{A Performance Comparison of Trained Multilayer Perceptrons and Trained Classification Trees}}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE}, pages = {1614-1619}, year = {1990}, volume = {78}, month = {October} } @InCollection{Bartlett:2002, author = {P. L. Bartlett}, title = {An Introduction to Reinforcement Learning Theory: Value Function Methods}, booktitle = {Machine Learning Summer School}, crossref = {LNCS:2600}, pages = {184-202}, year = {2002}, volume = {2600}, series = {LNCS} } @Article{Bauer:1999, author = {E. Bauer and R. Kohavi}, title = {An Empirical Comparison of Voting Classification Algorithms: Bagging, Boosting, and Variants}, journal = {Machine Learning}, year = {1999}, volume = {36}, pages = {105-139} } @InProceedings{Behnke:1998, author = {S. Behnke and M. Pfister and R. Rojas}, title = {{A Study on the Combination of Classifiers for Handwritten Digit Recognition}}, booktitle = {Proceedings NN'98}, pages = {39-46}, year = {1998}, address = {Magdeburg} } @Article{Beiden:2003, author = {S. V. Beiden and M. A. Maloof and Robert F. Wagner}, title = {A General Model for Finite-Sample Effects in Training and Testing of Competing Classifiers}, journal = pami, year = {2003}, volume = {25}, number = {12}, pages = {1561-1569} } @Article{Bellili:2003, author = {A. Bellili and M. Gilloux and P. Gallinari}, title = {An MLP-SVM combination architecture for online handwritten digit recognition: Reduction of recognition errors by Support Vector Machines rejection mechanisms}, journal = {International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition}, year = {2003}, volume = {5}, pages = {244-252} } @TechReport{Bertoni:1997, author = {A. Bertoni and P. Campadelli and N. C.-Bianch}, title = {{Multilayer Perceptrons and Learning}}, institution = {University of London}, year = {1997}, type = {NeuroCOLT Technical Report Series}, number = {NC-TR-97-009}, month = {February} } @Book{Bishop:1996, author = {C. M. Bishop}, title = {Neural Networks for Pattern Recognition}, publisher = {Oxford : Clarendon}, year = {1996} } @InProceedings{Blanzieri:2000, booktitle = "Machine Learning: ECML 2000, 11th European Conference on Machine Learning, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, May 31 - June 2, 2000, Proceedings", title = "Exploiting Classifier Combination for Early Melanoma Diagnosis Support", author = "E. Blanzieri and C. Eccher and S. Forti and A. Sboner", series = "Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence", volume = "1810", publisher = "Springer", year = "2000", pages = "55--62" } @Article{Safavian:1991, author = {S. R. Safavian and D. Landgrebe}, title = {A survey of decision tree classifier methodology}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics}, year = {1991}, Tvolume = {21}, Tnumber = {3}, pages = {660-674} } @Article{Blumer:1989, author = {Anselm Blumer and A. Ehrenfeucht and David Haussler and Manfred K. Warmuth}, title = {{Learnability and the Vapnik-Chervonenkis Dimension}}, journal = {Journal of the ACM}, year = {1989}, volume = {36}, number = {4}, pages = {} } @Article{Bollacker:1997, author = {K. D. Bollacker and J. Ghosh}, title = {{Knowledge Reuse in Multiple Classifier Systems}}, journal = prl, year = {1997}, volume = {18}, number = {11-13}, pages = {1385-1390}, month = {November} } @Article{Bovino:2003, author = {L. Bovino and G. Dimauro and S. Impedovo and M.G. Lucchese and R. Modugno and G. Pirlo and A. Salzo and L. Sarcinella}, title = {On the combination of abstract-level classifiers}, journal = {International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition}, year = {2003}, volume = {6}, pages = {42-54} } @Article{Bradley:1997, author = {A. P. Bradley}, title = {{The Use of the Area Under the ROC Curve in the Evaluation of Machine Learning Algorithms}}, journal = {Pattern Recognition}, year = {1997}, volume = {30}, number = {7}, pages = {1145-1159} } @Book{BreFriOlSton:1984, author = "L. Breiman and J. H. Friedman and R. A. Olshen and C. J. Stone", title = "{Classification and Regression Trees}", publisher = "Wadsworth International Group", year = "1984", series = "The Wadsworth Statistics/Probability Series" } @Article{Breiman:1996, author = {L. Breiman}, title = {Technical Note: Some Properties of Splitting Criteria}, journal = {Machine Learning}, year = {1996}, volume = {24}, number = {1}, pages = {41-47} } @aerticle{Meyer:2003, AUTHOR = {D. Meyer and F. Leisch and K. Hornik}, TITLE = {The Support Vector Machine under Test}, JOURNAL = {Neurocomputing}, YEAR = 2003, MONTH = {September}, PAGES = {169--186}, VOLUME = 55 } @Article{Breiman:1996a, author = {L. Breiman}, title = {Bagging Predictors}, journal = {Machine Learning}, year = {1996}, volume = {24}, number = {2}, pages = {123-140} } @Article{Breiman:1998, author = {L. Breiman}, title = {Arcing Classifiers}, journal = {Ann. Statist.}, year = {1998}, volume = {26}, number = {3}, pages = {801-849} } @InProceedings{Brill:1998a, author = "E. Brill and J. Wu", title = "Classifier Combination for Improved Lexical Disambiguation", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Thirty-Sixth Annual Meeting of the {A}ssociation for {C}omputational {L}inguistics and Seventeenth International Conference on Computational Linguistics", year = "1998", editor = "Christian Boitet and Pete Whitelock", pages = "191--195", organization = "Association for Computational Linguistics", publisher = "Morgan Kaufmann Publishers" } @PhdThesis{Buntine:1992, author = {W. L. Buntine}, title = {{A Theory of Learning Classification Rules}}, school = {School of Computing Science, University of Technology}, year = {1992}, address = {Sydney} } @Article{Burges:1998, author = {C. Burges}, title = {A Tutorial on Support Vector Machines for Pattern Recognition}, journal = {Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery}, year = {1998}, volume = {2}, pages = {121-167} } @Article{Busse:1993, author = {W. Grzymala-Busse}, title = {{Selected Algorithms of Machine Learning from Examples}}, journal = {Fundamenta Informaticae}, year = {1993}, volume = {18}, pages = {193-207} } @Article{Cakmakov:2002, author = {D. Cakmakov and V. Radevski and Y. Bennani and D. Gorgevik}, title = {Decision Fusion and Reliability Control in Handwritten Digit Recognition System}, journal = {Journal of Computing and Information Technology}, year = {2002}, volume = {10}, number = {4}, pages = {283-293} } @Article{Cao:1995, author = {J. Cao and M. Ahmadi and M. Shridhar}, title = {{Recognition of Handwritten Numerals with Multiple Feature and Multistage Classifier}}, journal = pr, year = {1995}, volume = {28}, number = {2}, pages = {153-160} } @Book{Cherkassky:1998, author = {V. Cherkassky and F. Mulier}, title = {Learning from Data -- Concepts, Theory and Methods}, publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons}, year = {1998} } @Article{Conversano:2000, author = "C. Conversano and R. Siciliano and F. Mola", title = "Supervised Classifier Combination through Generalized Additive Multi-model", journal = "Lecture Notes in Computer Science", volume = "1857", pages = "167--??", year = "2000", coden = "LNCSD9", ISSN = "0302-9743" } @Article{Cover:1967, author = {T. M. Cover and P. E. Hart}, title = {Nearest Neighbor Pattern Classification}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Information Theory}, year = {1967}, volume = {IT-13}, number = {1}, pages = {21-27} } @Book{Cristianini:2000, author = {N. Cristianini and J. Shawe-Taylor}, title = {An Introduction to Support Vector Machines and other kernel-based learning methods}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, year = {2000} } @InCollection{Dahmen:2001, author = {J. Dahmen and D. Keysers and H. Ney}, title = {{Combined Clasification of Handwritten Digits Using the 'Virtual Test Sample Method'}}, booktitle = {Multiple Classifier Systems: Second International Workshop, MCS 2001}, pages = {109-118}, year = {2001}, editor = {J. Kittler and F. Roli}, volume = {LNCS 2096}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science} } @Article{Devroye:1988, author = {L. Devroye}, title = {{Automatic Pattern Recognition: A Study of the Probability of Error}}, journal = pami, year = {1988}, volume = {10}, number = {4}, pages = {530-543}, month = {July} } @Book{Devroye:1996, author = "L. Devroye and L. Gy{\"{o}}rffi and G. Lugosi", title = "A Probabilistic Theory of Pattern Recognition", publisher = "Springer-Verlag", year = "1996" } @Article{Diett:1995, author = {T. G. Dietterich and G. Bakiri}, title = {Solving Multiclass Learning Problems via Error-Correcting Output Codes}, journal = {Artificial Intelligence Research}, year = {1995} } @InCollection{Diett:2000, author = {T. G. Dietterich}, title = {{Ensemble Methods in Machine Learning}}, booktitle = {Multiple Classifier Systems: First International Workshop, MCS 2000}, pages = {1-15}, year = {2000}, editor = {J. Kittler and F. Roli}, volume = {LNCS 1857}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, } @Article{Diggavi:1995, author = {S. N. Diggavi and J. J. Shynk and N. J. Bershad}, title = {{Convergence Models for Rosenblatt's Perceptron Learning Algorithm}}, journal = ieeesp, year = {1995}, volume = {43}, number = {7}, pages = {1696-1702}, month = {July} } @Article{Draper:1994, author = {B. A. Draper and C. E. Brodley and P. E. Utgoff}, title = {{Goal-directed Classification using Linear Machine Decision Trees}}, journal = pami, year = {1994}, volume = {16}, number = {9}, pages = {888-893}, month = {September} } @book{DuHar:1973, author = "R. O. Duda and P. E. Hart", title = "Pattern Classification and Scene Analysis", publisher = "John Wiley and Sons", year = "1973" } @book{DuHarSto:2001, author = "R. O. Duda and P. E. Hart and D. G. Stork", title = "Pattern Classification", publisher = "John Wiley and Sons", year = "2001" } @article{DucSchapSim:1993, author = "H. Drucker and R. Schapire and P. Simard", title = "{Boosting Performance in Neural Networks}", journal = "International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence", year = "1993", volume = "7", number = "4", pages = "705-719" } @Article{Esposito:1997, author = {F. Esposito and D. Malerba and G. Semeraro}, title = {{A Comparative Analysis of Methods for Pruning Decision Trees}}, journal = pami, year = {1997}, volume = {19}, number = {5}, pages = {}, month = {May} } @InProceedings{Fan:2005, author = {X. Fan}, title = {Efficient Multiclass Object Detection by a Hierarchy of Classifiers}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition}, year = {2005} } @InProceedings{Frank:, author = {E. Frank and I. H. Witten}, title = {{Selecting Multiway Splits in Decision Trees}}, booktitle = {Proc. of the Fifteenth Conference on Machine Learning}, pages = {152-160}, year = {}, editor = {J. Shavlik}, address = {San Francisco, CA}, publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann} } @InProceedings{Freund:1995, author = {Yoav Freund and Robert E. Schapire}, title = {A decision-theoretic generalization of on-line learning and an application to boosting}, booktitle = {Second European Conference on Computational Learning Theory}, year = {1995} } @Article{Freund:1997, author = {Y. Freund and R. E. Schapire}, title = {A Decision-Theoretic Generalization of On-Line Learning and an Application to Boosting}, journal = {Journal of Computer and System Sciences}, year = {1997}, volume = {55}, pages = {119-139} } @Article{Freund:1999, author = {Y. Freund and R. E. Schapire}, title = {A short introduction to boosting}, journal = {Journal of Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence}, year = {1999}, volume = {14}, number = {5}, pages = {771-780}, note = {in Japanese, translation by N. Abe} } @Article{Fukunaga:1989, author = {K. Fukunaga and R. R. Hayes}, title = {Estimation of Classifier Performance}, journal = pami, year = {1989}, volume = {11}, number = {10}, pages = {1087-1101} } @Article{Fukunaga:1989a, author = "K. Fukunaga and R. R. Hayes", title = "{Effects of Sample Size in Classifier Design}", journal = pami, year = "1989", volume = "11", number = "8", month = "August" } @Book{Fukunaga:1990, author = {F. Fukunaga}, title = {Introduction to Statistical Pattern Recognition}, publisher = {Academic Press}, year = {1990}, edition = {2nd} } @Book{Gammer:1996, editor = {A. Gammerman}, title = {{Computational Learning and Probabilistic Reasoning}}, publisher = {John Wiley and Sons}, year = {1996} } @Article{Gandhi:1991, author = {P. P. Gandhi and S. A. Kassam}, title = {Design and performance of combination filters for signal restoration}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing}, year = {1991}, volume = {39}, number = {7}, pages = {1524-1540} } @Article{Ghoneim:1998, author = {K. Al-Ghoneim and B. V. K. V. Kumar}, title = {{Unified Decision Combination Framework}}, journal = pr, year = {1998}, volume = {31}, number = {12}, pages = {2077-2089}, month = {December} } @InCollection{Ghosh:2002, author = {J. Ghosh}, title = {{Multiclassifier Systems: Back to the Future}}, booktitle = {Multiple Classifier Systems: Third International Workshop, MCS 2002}, pages = {1-15}, year = {2002}, editor = {F. Roli and J. Kittler}, volume = {LNCS 2364}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science} } @InProceedings{Giacinto:2000, author = {G. Giacinto and F. Roli}, title = {A theoretical framework for dynamic classifier selection}, booktitle = {15th International Conference on Pattern Recognition}, pages = {8-11}, year = {2000}, volume = {2} } @Article{Gibson:1990, author = {G. J. Gibson and C. F. N. Cowan}, title = {{On the Decision Regions of Multilayer Perceptrons}}, journal = {Proceedings of the IEEE}, year = {1990}, volume = {78}, number = {10}, pages = {1590-1594}, month = {October} } @Article{Giusti:2002, author = {N. Giusti and F. Masulli and A. Sperduti}, title = {Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of a Two-Stage System for Classification}, journal = pami, year = {2002}, volume = {24}, number = {7}, pages = {893-904} } @article{GolRivSchap:1993, author = "S. A. Goldman and R. L. Rivest and R. E. Schapire", title = "{Learning Binary Relations and Total Orders}", journal = "Siam J. Comput.", year = "1993", month = "October", volume = "22", number = "5", pages = "1006-1034" } @Book{Goldberg:1989, author = {D. Goldberg}, title = {Genetic Algorithms in Optimization, Search and Machine Learning}, publisher = {Addison-Wesley}, year = {1989} } @TechReport{Goldman:1993, author = {S. A. Goldman and M. K. Warmuth}, title = {{Learning Binary Relations Using Weighted Majority Voting}}, institution = {}, year = {1993}, number = {UCSC-CRL-93-51} } @Article{Gu:2000, author = {H. Gu and H. Takahashi}, title = {{How Bad May Learning Curves Be?}}, journal = pami, year = {2000}, volume = {22}, number = {10}, pages = {1155-1167}, month = {October} } @Article{Gunter:2003, author = {S. G{\"{u}}nter and H. Bunke}, title = {Ensembles of classifiers for handwritten word recognition}, journal = {International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition}, year = {2003}, volume = {5}, pages = {224-232} } @Article{Guyon:1998, author = {I. Guyon and J. Makhoul and R. Schwartz and V. Vapnik}, title = {{What Size Test Set Gives Good Error Rate Estimates?}}, journal = pami, year = {1998}, volume = {20}, number = {1}, pages = {52-64}, month = {January} } @Article{Hanley:1982, author = {J. A. Hanley and B. J. McNeil}, title = {{The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve}}, journal = {Radiology}, year = {1982}, volume = {143}, pages = {29-36} } @Book{Hassoun:1995, author = "M. H. Hassoun", title = "Fundamentals of Artificial Neural Net", publisher = "MIT Press", year = "1995" } @Book{Hastie:2001, author = {T. Hastie and R. Tibshirani and J. Friedman}, title = {The Elements of Statistical Learning}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, year = {2001} } @InProceedings{Haussler:1990, author = {D. Haussler}, title = {{Probably Approximately Correct Learning}}, pages = "1101-1108", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 8th National Conference on Artificial Intelligence", year = "1990", publisher = "MIT Press", address = "Boston, Massachusetts", month = "July" } @article{Haussler:1992, author = "D. Haussler", title = "{Decision Theoretic Generalizations of the PAC Model for Neural Net and Other Learning Applications}", journal = "Information and Computation", year = "1992", volume = "100", pages = "78-150" } @Book{Haykin:1994, author = {S. Haykin}, title = {{Neural Networks -- A Comprehensive Foundation}}, publisher = {Mcmillan}, year = {1994} } @PhdThesis{Heath:1992, author = {D. Heath}, title = {{A Geometric Framework for Machine Learning}}, school = {The Johns Hopkins University}, year = {1992}, address= {Baltimore, Maryland} } @TechReport{Heath:1995, author = "D. Heath and S. Kasif and S. Salzberg", title = "{Induction of Oblique Decision Trees}", institution = "Johns Hopkins Univeristy", year = "1995", month = "April" } @InCollection{Hegland:2002, author = {M. Hegland}, title = {Algorithms for Association Rules}, booktitle = {Machine Learning Summer School}, crossref = {LNCS:2600}, pages = {226-234}, year = {2002}, volume = {2600}, series = {LNCS} } @Article{Ho:1994, author = {T. K. Ho and J. J. Hull and S. N. Srihari}, title = {Decision Combination in Multiple Classifier Systems}, journal = pami, year = {1994}, volume = {16}, number = {1}, pages = {66-75} } @Article{Ho:1998, author = {T. K. Ho}, title = {{The Random Subspace Method for Constructing Decision Forests}}, journal = pami, year = {1998}, volume = {20}, number = {8}, pages = {832-844}, month = {August} } @Article{Ho:2001, author = "T. K. Ho", title = "Data Complexity Analysis for Classifier Combination", journal = "Lecture Notes in Computer Science", volume = "2096", pages = "53--??", year = "2001", coden = "LNCSD9", ISSN = "0302-9743", bibdate = "Sat Feb 2 13:04:56 MST 2002" } @InProceedings{Hojja:1998, author = {A. Hojjatoleslami and J. Kittler}, title = {Strategies for weighted combination of classifiers employing shared and distinct representations}, booktitle = {14th International Conference on Pattern Recognition}, pages = {338-340}, year = {1998}, volume = {1} } @TechReport{Holden:1996, author = {S. B. Holden}, title = {{Cross-Validation and the PAC Learning Model}}, institution = {University College London}, year = {1996}, number = {RM/96/64}, month = {December} } @InProceedings{Huang:1993, author = {Y. S. Huang and C. Y. Suen}, title = {Combination of multiple classifiers with measurement values}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition}, pages = {598-601}, year = {1993}, volume = {} } @Article{HuangT:1995, author = {T. S. Huang and C. Y. Suen}, title = {Combination of Multiple Experts for the Recognition of Unconstrained Handwritten Numerals}, journal = pami, year = {1995}, volume = {17}, number = {1}, pages = {90-94} } @Article{Huller:2005, author = {E. H\"{u}llermeier}, title = {Fuzzy methods in machine learning and data mining: Status and prospects}, journal = {Fuzzy Sets and Systems}, year = {2005}, volume = {156}, pages = {387-406} } @Article{Jain:1997, author = {A. Jain and D. Zongker}, title = {{Feature Selection: Evaluation, Application, and Small Sample Performance}}, journal = pami, year = {1997}, volume = {19}, number = {2}, pages = {153-158}, month = {February} } @Article{Jain:1999, author = {A. K. Jain and M. N. Murty and P. J. Flynn}, title = {{Data Clustering: A Review}}, journal = {ACM Computing Surveys}, year = {1999}, volume = {31}, number = {3}, pages = {264-323} } @Article{Jain:2000, author = {A. K. Jain and R. P.W. Duin and J. Mao}, title = {{Statistical Pattern Recognition: A Review}}, journal = pami, year = {2000}, volume = {22}, number = {1}, pages = {}, month = {January} } @Article{JardSib:1968, author = "N. Jardine and R. Sibson", title = "{The Construction of Hierarchic and Non-hierarchic Classifications}", journal = "The Computer Journal", year = "1968", volume = "9", pages = "177-184" } @InProceedings{Kaynak:1997, author = {C. Kaynak and E. Alpaydin}, title = {{Multistage Classification by Cascaded Classifiers}}, booktitle = {Proc of the IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Control}, pages = {95-100}, year = {1997}, address = {Istanbul} } @Book{Kearns:1990, author = {M. J. Kearns}, title = {{The Computational Complexity of Machine Learning}}, publisher = {The MIT Press}, year = {1990}, annote = {An ACM Distinguished Dissertation 1989} } @inproceedings{Kearns:1993, author = "M. J. Kearns", title = "{Efficient Noise-Tolerant Learning From Statistical Queries}", booktitle = "Proceedings of the twenty-fifth ACM Symposium on the Theory of Computing", year = "1993", pages = "392-401", publisher = "ACM Press", address = "New York, NY" } @Book{Kearns:1994, author = {M. J. Kearns and U. V. Vazirani}, title = {An Introduction to Computational Learning Theory}, publisher = {MIT Press}, year = {1994} } @Article{Kearns:1994a, author = {M. Kearns and M. Li and L. Valiant}, title = {Learning Boolean formulas}, journal = {JACM}, year = {1994}, volume = {41}, number = {6}, pages = {1298 - 1328} } @InProceedings{Keysers:2002, author = {D. Keysers and R. Paredes and H. Ney and E. Vidal}, title = {Combination of Tangent Vectors and Local Representations for Handwritten Digit Recognition}, booktitle = {SPR 2002, International Workshop on Statistical Pattern Recognition}, pages = {538-547}, year = {2002}, volume = {LNCS 2396}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag} } @Article{Kittler:1997, author = {J. Kittler and A. Hojjatoleslami and T. Windeatt}, title = {{Strategies for Combining Classifiers Employing Shared and Distinct Pattern Representations}}, journal = prl, year = {1997}, volume = {18}, number = {11-13}, pages = {1373-1377}, month = {November} } @Article{Kittler:1998, author = {J. Kittler and M. Hatef and R. P.W. Duin and J. Matas}, title = {{On Combining Classifiers}}, journal = pami, year = {1998}, volume = {20}, number = {3}, pages = {226-239}, month = {March} } @Article{Kittler:2003, author = {J. Kittler and F. M. Alkoot}, title = {Sum versus vote fusion in multiple classifier systems}, journal = pami, year = {2003}, volume = {25}, number = {1}, pages = {110-115} } @InCollection{Kivinen:2002, author = {J. Kivinen}, title = {Online Learning of Linear Classifiers}, booktitle = {Machine Learning Summer School}, crossref = {lncs:2600}, pages = {235-258}, year = {2002}, volume = {2600}, series = {LNCS} } @Book{Kohonen:1997, author = {Teuvo Kohonen}, title = {{Self-organizing maps}}, publisher = {Springer}, year = {1997} } @Article{Krishnan:1999, author = {R. Krishnan and G. Sivakumar and P. Bhattacharya}, title = {{Extracting Decision Trees from Trained Neural Networks}}, journal = pr, year = {1999}, volume = {32}, number = {12}, pages = {1999-2009} } @Article{Kulkarni:1998, author = {S. R. Kulkarni and G. Lugosi and S. S. 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